Which characteristic is associated with a lower risk of suicide?

Stable interpersonal relationships are associated with a lower risk of suicide because they provide emotional support, a sense of belonging, and a safety net during times of crisis. Individuals who maintain strong connections with friends, family, or community members are often less isolated and have someone to turn to when facing difficulties. These relationships can offer practical help, emotional understanding, and encouragement to seek professional care, all of which are protective factors against suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

In contrast, substance abuse, chronic illness, and being single are factors that can contribute to increased risk. Substance abuse may impair judgment and increase impulsivity, while chronic illnesses can lead to feelings of hopelessness or despair. Being single may contribute to feelings of isolation or loneliness, further elevating risk. Therefore, the presence of stable interpersonal relationships serves as a formidable buffer against suicidal ideation and behavior.